Cooperativity in oxygenation: change in the interaction among subunits

+ O2



As we have seen, the molecular basis of allosterism in haemoglobin and of cooperativity in oxygen binding and release by its 4 subunits is on the alteration of structure resulting from binding and release of oxygen.

Extension:

Allosterism in proteins

We can specify how the interaction among subunits is altered by looking at the example we just studied: the salt bridges in deoxyhaemoglobin, which break as a result of oxygen binding; let's see for instance the bridge between His146 and Asp94:


(α2Lys40 :: β1His146 :: β1Asp94)

In the T form, as we have already seen, the conformation of beta chains allows His146 and Asp94 to form a salt bridge. Binding of oxygen produces a conformational change that breaks that bridge. A consequence is the decrease in pK of the imidazole group in His146, which leads to release of a proton (Bohr's effect).

Note that the bridge between the carboxy group in Asp94 and the imidazole ring in His146 requires the latter to be protonated.